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LANGUAGE AND USE
Master your English grammar

Collective nouns for your collection

Collective nouns are words whose singular form denote a group of people, animals or objects. Some of them are:
flock - herd - school(dolphins) - staff - team - audience - orchestra - family - board - company - class - gang - government - jury.

In English you are free to use the singular or plural verb form, the right choice depends on whether:
  • you consider the group as a whole, in which case you should use the singular form or;
  • you consider each individual member, in which case you should use the plural form.

  • Take the following examples into account:

  • The jury has reached a veredict (unit)
  • The jury were not unanimous in their decision (members)
  • The staff are being given further training this week (members)
  • Our staff has asked for a meeting with the board (unit)

  • However note that the plural is preferred when you want to emphasize the collective effort of many people in a company:

  • The company have managed to lower production costs.
  • You might also find the singular:
  • The company has increased the production.


  • NB: In American English the nouns government and party are followed by a singular verb.In British English you use either the singular or plural.

    When talking about sport teams you should always use the plural form:

  • Chicago Bulls were defeated at yesterday´s game.
Measurements and Units

You generally use the singular form when referring to quantities if you have BULK in mind:
  • $35 is all right!
  • Two kilos of ice cream is enough
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